%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% The articles found in ISI Web of Science database %% (http://wos.isiglobalnet.com) for the keywords %% "vernadsky AND noosphere" on June 28, 2001. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% %%% 1988 ( 15) 1993 ( 8) 1998 ( 12) %%% 1989 ( 3) 1994 ( 8) 1999 ( 5) %%% 1990 ( 8) 1995 ( 11) 2000 ( 4) %%% 1991 ( 10) 1996 ( 5) 2001 ( 3) %%% 1992 ( 6) 1997 ( 7) %%% %%% Article: 105 %%% %%% Total entries: 105 %%% @Article{Kuznetsov:1988-39:RAR, author = {Kuznetsov, M. A.}, title = {Vernadskii,v.i. Theory of the noosphere - prospects for the development of mankind}, journal = {Vopr. Filos.}, year = {1988}, month = {}, volume = {}, number = {3}, pages = {39-48}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988N487700004}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Nazarov:1988-147:RAR, author = {Nazarov, A. G.}, title = {Evolutionary idea in vernadsky,v.i. Creative work}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1988}, month = {Mar-Apr}, volume = {49}, number = {2}, pages = {147-165}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988M758300001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Polunin:1988-291:RAR, author = {Polunin, N.}, title = {Remember the noosphere}, journal = {Environ. Conserv.}, year = {1988}, month = {Win}, volume = {15}, number = {4}, pages = {291-291}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988U076400002}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Polunin:1988-187:RAR, author = {Polunin, N.}, title = {Jubilee events dedicated to vernadsky,v.i. 125th birthday anniversary, including international symposia held in leningrad, kiev, and moscow, during 4-12 march 1988}, journal = {Environ. Conserv.}, year = {1988}, month = {Sum}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {187-189}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988Q384000022}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Polunin:1988-117:RAR, author = {Polunin, N. and Grinevald, J.}, title = {Vernadsky and biospheral ecology}, journal = {Environ. Conserv.}, year = {1988}, month = {Sum}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {117-122}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988Q384000004}, citetimes = {5} } @Article{Serafin:1988-121:RAR, author = {Serafin, R.}, title = {Noosphere, gaia, and the science of the biosphere}, journal = {Environ. Ethics}, year = {1988}, month = {Sum}, volume = {10}, number = {2}, pages = {121-137}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988P687900003}, citetimes = {7} } @Article{Shepelev:1988-78:RAR, author = {Shepelev, E. Y.}, title = {Vernadsky,v.i. And contemporaneity (on the occasion of his 125th birthday)}, journal = {Kosm Biol Aviakosm Med}, year = {1988}, month = {Nov-Dec}, volume = {22}, number = {6}, pages = {78-79}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988R132300011}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Shilov:1988-165:RAR, author = {Shilov, I. A.}, title = {Animals in noosphere}, journal = {Zool. Zhurnal}, year = {1988}, month = {Feb}, volume = {67}, number = {2}, pages = {165-174}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988M352600001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Sokolova:1988-5:RAR, author = {Sokolova, T. G.}, title = {The importance of vernadsky,v.i. Works for medicine (125th anniversary of birth)}, journal = {Klinicheskaya Meditsina}, year = {1988}, month = {Nov}, volume = {66}, number = {11}, pages = {5-7}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988R398300002}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Urusov:1988-212:RAR, author = {Urusov, V. S.}, title = {Role of structural-chemical transformations of aluminum in the earths crust energy - from vernadsky,v.i. To nowadays}, journal = {Geokhimiya}, year = {1988}, month = {Feb}, volume = {}, number = {2}, pages = {212-222}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988M247800005}, citetimes = {2} } @Article{Yanshin:1988-6:RAR, author = {Yanshin, A. L.}, title = {Reviving vernadsky legacy - ecological advances in the sovietunion}, journal = {Environment}, year = {1988}, month = {Dec}, volume = {30}, number = {10}, pages = {6-\&}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988R953000005}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Yanshin:1988-283:RAR, author = {Yanshin, A. L. and Yanshina, F. T.}, title = {The scientific heritage of Vernadsky, Vladimir}, journal = {Impact Sci Soc}, year = {1988}, month = {}, volume = {38}, number = {3}, pages = {283-296}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988R913000008}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Yanshina:1988-57:RAR, author = {Yanshina, F. T.}, title = {Vernadskiy, V. I. On the problem of the humanity autotrophism}, journal = {Vestnik Akademii Nauk SSSR}, year = {1988}, OPTkey = {}, OPTvolume = {}, number = {6}, pages = {57-66}, OPTmonth = {}, OPTnote = {}, OPTannote = {} } @Article{Yaroshevsky:1988-25:RAR, author = {Yaroshevsky, M.}, title = {Vernadsky,g.v.i. - personalistic beginning of noosphere}, journal = {Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal}, year = {1988}, month = {Sep-Oct}, volume = {9}, number = {5}, pages = {25-34}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988Q777700004}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{unknown:1988-147:RAR, author = {unknown}, title = {125-years jubilee of vernadsky,v.i. Birthday}, journal = {Geokhimiya}, year = {1988}, month = {Feb}, volume = {}, number = {2}, pages = {147-149}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1988M247800001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Kudryavtsev:1989-174:RAR, author = {Kudryavtsev, V. M. and Gajskii, V. A. and Blinkov, V. A.}, title = {Studies of the tropical atlantics (the 35th cruise of r/v akademic vernadsky)}, journal = {Okeanologiya}, year = {1989}, month = {Jan-Feb}, volume = {29}, number = {1}, pages = {174-175}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1989T441600032}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Marnitz:1989-77:RAR, author = {Marnitz, P.}, title = {From the biosphere to the noosphere, wernadski conferences in the soviet-union and the gdr}, journal = {Dtsch. Z. Philos.}, year = {1989}, month = {}, volume = {37}, number = {1}, pages = {77-81}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1989U174400011}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Moiseev:1989-595:RAR, author = {Moiseev, N. N.}, title = {The study of the noosphere - contemporary humanism}, journal = {Int. Soc. Sci. J.}, year = {1989}, month = {Nov}, volume = {41}, number = {4}, pages = {595-606}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1989CE82900007}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Annenkov:1990-24:RAR, author = {Annenkov, V. V.}, title = {Noosphere genesis - content, periods, and contradictions}, journal = {Sov Geogr-Engl Tr}, year = {1990}, month = {Jan}, volume = {31}, number = {1}, pages = {24-33}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1990CT19100003}, citetimes = {2} } @Article{Apanasenko:1990-56:RAR, author = {Apanasenko, G. L.}, title = {Thermodynamic concepts of preventing chronic noninfectious diseases}, journal = {Ter. Arkhiv}, year = {1990}, month = {}, volume = {62}, number = {12}, pages = {56-59}, abstract = {A new concept of preventing chronic noninfectious diseases is validated with regard to the general biological regularities elaborated by V. I. Vernadsky, E. S. Bauer, A. I. Zotin and others. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1990ER55100016}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Dmitrieva:1990-273:RAR, author = {Dmitrieva, V. A.}, title = {Vernadsky-international-center for-biosphere-studies}, journal = {Environ. Conserv.}, year = {1990}, month = {Fal}, volume = {17}, number = {3}, pages = {273-273}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1990ER84500017}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Marnitz:1990-120:RAR, author = {Marnitz, P.}, title = {The theory of vernadsky,v. On the emergence of a noo-sphere and the challenges of the present}, journal = {Dtsch. Z. Philos.}, year = {1990}, month = {}, volume = {38}, number = {2}, pages = {120-129}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1990CY04000003}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{McKeown:1990-46:RAR, author = {McKeown, C. T.}, title = {The futures of science - the human context of scientific expectations}, journal = {Futures}, year = {1990}, OPTkey = {}, volume = {22}, number = {1}, pages = {46-56}, month = "January", OPTnote = {}, OPTannote = {} } @Article{Rabkin:1990-186:RAR, author = {Rabkin, Y. M.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolution, vernadsky and his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Can. Slav. Pap.-Rev. Can. Slavistes}, year = {1990}, month = {Jun}, volume = {32}, number = {2}, pages = {186-188}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1990FM11700023}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Todes:1990-1312:SCI, author = {Todes, D. P.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolution - vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Science}, year = {1990}, month = {Sep 14}, volume = {249}, number = {4974}, pages = {1312-1312}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1990DY35100043}, citetimes = {0}, file = {SCI_1990_249_01312.pdf} } @Article{Ursul:1990-2:RAR, author = {Ursul, A. D.}, title = {Building-up of the noosphere and the perspectives of informatics}, journal = {Nauchn-Tekhnicheskaya Informatsiya Seriya 2-Informatsionnye Protsessy I Sistemy}, year = {1990}, month = {}, volume = {}, number = {10}, pages = {2-10}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1990ER24900001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Andreeva:1991-25:RAR, author = {Andreeva, E. K.}, title = {From ecological upbringing to understanding the noosphere}, journal = {Sov Educ-Engl Tr}, year = {1991}, month = {Jan}, volume = {33}, number = {1}, pages = {25-36}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991FB81200002}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Bailes:1991-476:RAR, author = {Bailes, K. E. and Vucinich, A.}, title = {Science and Russian culture in an age of Revolution --- Vernadsky, V. I. and his scientific school, 1863--1945}, journal = {Minerva}, year = {1991}, OPTkey = {}, volume = {29}, number = {4}, pages = {476-486}, OPTmonth = {}, OPTnote = {}, OPTannote = {} } @Article{Emmons:1991-1010:RAR, author = {Emmons, T.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolutions - vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Slavic Rev.}, year = {1991}, month = {Win}, volume = {50}, number = {4}, pages = {1010-1011}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991HB44200022}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Gorham:1991-199:RAR, author = {Gorham, E.}, title = {Biogeochemistry --- its origins and development}, journal = {Biogeochemistry}, year = {1991}, keywords = {Biogeochemistry, cycles, history, origins}, volume = {13}, number = {3}, pages = {199-239}, OPTmonth = {}, abstract = {The history of how aspects of biology, geology and chemistry came together over the past three centuries to form a separate discipline known as biogeochemistry is described under four major headings: metabolic aspects, geochemical aspects, biogeochemical cycles, and the origin of life. A brief chronology of major conceptual advances is also presented.}, OPTnote = {}, OPTannote = {} } @Article{Lubrano:1991-221:RAR, author = {Lubrano, L. L.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolutions, vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Russ. Rev.}, year = {1991}, month = {Apr}, volume = {50}, number = {2}, pages = {221-222}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991FF16100013}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Mirzoyan:1991-22:RAR, author = {Mirzoyan, E. N.}, title = {About the place of history of natural-sciences and techniques in general history}, journal = {Vestn Akad Nauk Sssr}, year = {1991}, month = {}, volume = {}, number = {1}, pages = {22-30}, abstract = {Traditionally the role of History of natural sciences and techniques was underestimated in the system of historical sciences. V.I.Vernadskiy's conception of development eliminates this defect. The evolution of the organic world, the organization and evolution of the biosphere, the development of the scientific knowledge and the progress of the human community are united in his conception into the whole historical process of the transition from the biosphere to the noosphere. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991FN44100003}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Read:1991-373:RAR, author = {Read, C.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolutions, vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Slav. East Eur. Rev.}, year = {1991}, month = {Apr}, volume = {69}, number = {2}, pages = {373-374}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991FM68300051}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Simonov:1991-3:RAR, author = {Simonov, P. V.}, title = {Ukhtomsky and the nature of human self}, journal = {Zhurnal Vyss. Nervn. Deyatelnosti Im. I P Pavlov.}, year = {1991}, month = {Jan-Feb}, volume = {41}, number = {1}, pages = {3-8}, abstract = {A. Ukhtomsky is one of those Russian naturalists of the beginning of the 20th century (K. Tsyolkovsky, V. Vernadsky, K. Timiryazev, 1. Pavlov), whose scientific work is characterized by a combination of the valuable contribution to a specific field of science and deep philosophical conceptualizations. Ukhtomsky enriched modern neurophysiology by the ideas on dominant - a stable focus of enhanced excitability, determining the organism reactions to the environmental stimuli. Unlike artificial experimental models, natural dominant - vector of the goal-directed behaviour - represents the needs of immediate satisfaction, dominating at the present moment. Formation of needs hierarchy, characteristic of the given personality, occurs during the process of people communication. Namely, another man serves to the subject a mirror, looking into which he realizes himself as a human being (K. Marx). By his teaching on the dominant, Ukhtomsky has revealed the dual nature of the personality's selfconsciousness in the process of its perception of the surrounding people. He showed that involuntary projection of its dominating vital and social needs (motives, intentions) to the image of another man makes the latter only the \textless \textless double\textgreater \textgreater of the observer, which does not promote the development and enrichment of personality. Actually productive is only the perception which is motivated by the ideal need of learning another personality, sincere interest in him, what makes another person a \textless \textless well-deserved collocutor\textgreater \textgreater , a source of new knowledge about people and himself. The ideas of Ukhtomsky on the nature of human \textless \textless Self\textgreater \textgreater are close to ideological searchings of L. Tolstoy and F. Dostoevsky. They predicted the views of representatives of modern social psychology (E. Fromm, A. Maslow, G. Allport) and formed an integral part, of humanist world outlook of the end of the 20th century. }, keywords = {dominant}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991FQ34900001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Vucinich:1991-476:RAR, author = {Vucinich, A.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolution - vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Minerva}, year = {1991}, month = {Win}, volume = {29}, number = {4}, pages = {476-486}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991HD86300006}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Vucinich:1991-565:RAR, author = {Vucinich, A.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolutions - vernadsky,vi and his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Am. Hist. Rev.}, year = {1991}, month = {Apr}, volume = {96}, number = {2}, pages = {565-566}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1991FK33500141}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Abramov:1992-39:RAR, author = {Abramov, V. V.}, title = {Impaired integration of immune and nervous systems on exposure to adverse environmental-factors}, journal = {Vestn Rossiiskoi Acad Med Nau}, year = {1992}, month = {}, volume = {}, number = {11-12}, pages = {39-44}, abstract = {Exposure to adverse environmental factors can result in the impaired relationships between the immune and nervous systems and hence increase autonomic properties of immuno-competent cells. This impairment may underlie some diseases associated with abnormal immunity. To have knowledge on the ways of restoring the integrative connections between the above systems will help maintain human health, augment its potential as a creator of the noosphere. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1992LG22600012}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Afonin:1992-1059:RAR, author = {Afonin, E. I. and Mishonov, A. V. and Yunev, O. A.}, title = {Estimation of marine-phytoplankton parameters based on remote measurements of the water mass color properties}, journal = {Okeanologiya}, year = {1992}, month = {Nov-Dec}, volume = {32}, number = {6}, pages = {1059-1067}, abstract = {The work is based on the measurements carried out in the 40-th cruise of the r/v \textless \textless Academician Vernadsky\textgreater \textgreater in the autumn season of 1989 in several sites of the Atlantic ocean. The equations of regression were obtained that provide an express method to determine the quantity and biomass of ultraphytoplankton (measured by flow cytoflyorimeter) and concentration of chlorophyll \textless \textless a\textgreater \textgreater in the upper layer of the ocean by remote measurements of colour parameters of the upwelled spectral radiance: dominating and average wave lengths and colour purity. The suggested equations are statistically secured by vast measurements (131 spectra of the sea upward radiation) by the same methodic in the waters of all optical types. The equations were verified on independent data sets. The measured and calculated data were in a good accordance. The error of the measured values of the phytoplankton parameters restoration do not usually exceed 50\%. }, keywords = {optical plankton analyzer; flow cytometer; chlorophyll-a; sea}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1992KH79900011}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Gelmanvinogradov:1992-8:RAR, author = {Gelmanvinogradov, K. B.}, title = {The documentary memory of the noosphere as a new object for cognition - (to the formulation of the problem)}, journal = {Int. Forum Inf. Doc.}, year = {1992}, month = {Jan}, volume = {17}, number = {1}, pages = {8-17}, abstract = {The process by which mankind produces, uses and accumulates documentary resources is viewed as a megaphenomenon that has emerged and continues to develop within the framework of the noosphere. After. explication of initial and subsequent notions of the sphere of nous, the question is raised of the properties of its document medium and documentary memory, and directions are outlined for their further investigation. The documentary memory of the noosphere is represented as a global, as well as metaglobal system.. It is characterized as an indispensable element of the attractor that increases the negentropy of the noosphere. The trend is shown towards unity of documentation, in which retraspective information is fixed, and its growing scientific, historical and futurological value. The analysis is supported with corresponding references to scientific works by P. Teilhard de Chardin, E. Le Roy, V. I. Vernadsky, A. L. Chizhevsky, L. Brillouin, as well as representatives of the new wave of noospheric, synergetic and macrosystemic thought-I. R. Prigogine, H. Haken, N. N. Moiseyev, I. D. Kovalchenko, J. Naisbitt, etc. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1992HY53700002}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Lewis:1992-155:RAR, author = {Lewis, R.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolutions - vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {History}, year = {1992}, month = {Feb}, volume = {77}, number = {249}, pages = {155-155}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1992HF69500145}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Mirzoyan:1992-71:RAR, author = {Mirzoyan, E. N.}, title = {Stanchinsky,v.v. Biocenological concept}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1992}, month = {Jan-Feb}, volume = {53}, number = {1}, pages = {71-83}, abstract = {Biocenological concept of V.V. Stanchinsky is a great advancement in theoretical ecology. It contains a programme of future developments in biocenology, foundations of theoretical basis of ecology and its conceptual framework, views on evolutionary ecology, synthesis of ideas about ecosystem organization and evolution with V.I. Vernadsky's biosphere doctrine, thoughts on relation between the Nature and the human society. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1992HM97800006}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Raeff:1992-182:RAR, author = {Raeff, M.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolutions - vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {J. Mod. Hist.}, year = {1992}, month = {Mar}, volume = {64}, number = {1}, pages = {182-184}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1992HL68800040}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Hadac:1993-975:RAR, author = {Hadac, E.}, title = {Man and environment}, journal = {Filos. Cas.}, year = {1993}, month = {}, volume = {41}, number = {6}, pages = {975-982}, abstract = {Conflicts between man and his environment have increased considerably both in frequency and intensity in the last years. The two prominent scientists, Teilhard de Chardin and V. I. Vernadskij have seen the only chance for saving mankind in the evolution of noosphere, the sphere of reason. When confronting this aim with present results of man's activities in biosphere - e.g. the glasshouse effect, destruction of ozonosphere, presence of pesticides everywhere etc., this theory seems to be very risky. An other theory of this kind is that of Gaia by Lovelock. It assumes a high autoregulation capacity of the biosphere. The question, however, remains as to the limits of this capacity towards the mankind activity. It is stressed by environmentalists nowadays that the recent anthropocentric philosophy should be abandoned and we should pass to a biocentric one. It seems very reasonable even if it is hardly possible to apply it in every day life in detail. In order to understand the interrelations between man and his environment better, we should take in account their development in the past. There are many notions and theories concerning the cours of the hominization process, the ecological aspects, however, have not been respected in them sufficiently. One of the basic principles of ecology shows that no organism can exist without its environment, the evolution of both having passed necessarily in close interconnection (cf. e.g. Novak, V. 1989). Most organisms are more or less passive towards their environment, their tendency being rather to adapt themselves to their life conditions than to change them. It is only the man who has commenced to adapt various objects of his environment like stones, bones, twigs etc. and change them into tools for his protection against wild beasts and for various working needs. It has been shown by Chiarelli (1987) that young mice develop a bigger brain when raised in optimum conditions in comparison with mice in less suitable conditions. Similarly man, when adapting his environment for his benefit, has created better conditions for his progeny and thus contributed to the improvement of its central nervous system. Man with improved brain could better use his intelect in improving his tools and his environment. So originated a typical positive feedback between man and his environment. The evolution of the modem man was accelerated especially by the neolithic agrarian revolution. Storing crops and raising cattle prevented hunger in bad seasons so that children were not limited regularly in their physical and mental development. Man's evolution was so accelerated that there was not sufficient time for natural selection and genetic fixing of the acquired abilities. Our children start their life as animals and the last stage of their development into human beings depends on their family and society. Their education consists in the recapitulation of the evolution from the quadruped to the erect bipedal locomotion, the development of the articulate speach etc. which took thousends years in the past is absolved in a few years in the ontogeny. The unfortunate ''wolf children'', whose early development took place in a wolf's den could never be adapted to human way of life. So the interrelations between man, his environment and human society have been and are far more important than it was hitherto supposed. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993MX99200005}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Khailov:1993-737:RAR, author = {Khailov, K. M. and Kovardakov, S. A. and Prazukin, A. V. and Rabinovich, M. A.}, title = {Estimation of algal productivity in bio-biotic phytosystems based on generalized equation of growth-rate}, journal = {Russ. J. Plant Physiol.}, year = {1993}, month = {Nov-Dec}, volume = {40}, number = {6}, pages = {737-743}, abstract = {Plant productivity, traditionally calculated by physiologists per unit of either plant biomass or plant surface, was recalculated per unit of water volume contained in the whole plant, tissue, cell or chloroplast, i.e., in terms of the productivity applied by water ecologists to such ecosystems as submerged plant communities or phytoplankton-containing water bodies. Use of this unified estimation basis allowed us to quantitatively compare and describe the relationship between the rate of productivity and the volume or the surface of numerous aquatic bio-biotic (according to Vernadsky's terminology) organisms. The relationship between productive and morphometric indices in biological samples (chloroplasts, cells, intact aquatic and terrestrial plants) was found with a high degree of confidence to be similar to that in ecological samples (submerged plant canopies, water bodies). This relationship was visible in spite of environmental variations. Aspects of the morphological and functional similarities of bio-biotic phytosystems and the interrelationship of ecology and plant physiology are discussed. }, keywords = {phytosystems; growth; bioproductivity}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993PA76700004}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Kolchinsky:1993-252:RAR, author = {Kolchinsky, E. I. and Kozulina, A. V.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolutions - vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Hist. Philos. Life Sci.}, year = {1993}, month = {}, volume = {15}, number = {2}, pages = {252-253}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993MW98800017}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Korotaev:1993-725:RAR, author = {Korotaev, G. K. and Sakerin, S. M. and Ignatov, A. M. and Stowe, L. L. and McClain, E. P.}, title = {Sun-photometer observations of aerosol optical-thickness over the north-atlantic from a soviet research vessel for validation of satellite measurements}, journal = {J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.}, year = {1993}, month = {Oct}, volume = {10}, number = {5}, pages = {725-735}, abstract = {This paper deals with the problem of aerosol optical thickness (tau(A)) retrieval using sun-photometer measurements. The results of the theoretical analysis and computer processing of the dataset collected during the 40th cruise of the R/V Akademik Vernadsky are presented. Accuracy of retrieved tau(A) is investigated in detail. It is concluded that 1) the tau(A) measurements from the three shortest wavelength channels are sufficiently accurate (0.02-0.03) for evaluation of the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer aerosol optical thickness operational product 2) serious discrepancies exist between observation and theory for the two longest wavelength channels, which preclude their use in aerosol optical property studies. Further investigations are required, with emphasis on the computation of atmospheric gaseous absorption, before these channels can be used. Shipboard tau(A) will be compared with satellite data from the NOAA/National Environment Satellite Data and Information Service in a subsequent paper. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993LY37400008}, citetimes = {14} } @Article{Mazarovich:1993-62:RAR, author = {Mazarovich, A. O.}, title = {Tectono-magnetic phenomenon on the arkhangelsky, doldrums and vernadsky oceanic flats wing}, journal = {Dokl. Akad. Nauk}, year = {1993}, month = {Sep}, volume = {332}, number = {1}, pages = {62-65}, abstract = {}, keywords = {fracture-zone; ridge}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993PC38300018}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Mirzoyan:1993-115:RAR, author = {Mirzoyan, E. N.}, title = {Vavilov,n.v. And the theoretical biology}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1993}, month = {Jan-Feb}, volume = {54}, number = {1}, pages = {115-127}, abstract = {Life, labor, and scientific heritage of N.I. Vavilov could be assessed adequately just in the context of principal trends in the developments of biology in XX century. N.V. Vavilov witnessed and participated in formation of the modern theoretical biology, particularly evolutionary biology that incorporated Darwivism, genetics, developmental biology, ecology, biocenology, physiology, biochemistry, histology, etc. He developed the ideas which put theoretical selectionism in the framework of the noosphere thinking. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993KM29300011}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Orovetsky:1993-290:RAR, author = {Orovetsky, Y. Y. and Zakharov, Z. G.}, title = {Geological-geomorphological model of yalta-gurzufian and alushtian areas of the crimean continental-slope}, journal = {Okeanologiya}, year = {1993}, month = {Apr}, volume = {33}, number = {2}, pages = {290-293}, abstract = {Geological-geomorphological model of Yalta-Gurzufian and Alushtian areas of the Crimean continental slope is presented. Data of the complex program ''SLOPE'' were used for drawing axsonometric pictures. Data measured in the 37-th cruise of the r/v ''Academician Vernadsky'' and 51-st cruise of the r/v ''Mikhail Lomonosov'' were used. Some conclusions were made concerning the arities of geological and geomorphological structure of the named sites. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993LC16200021}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Williams:1993-449:RAR, author = {Williams, C.}, title = {Science and russian culture in an age of revolution - vernadsky,v.i. And his scientific school, 1863-1945 - bailes,ke}, journal = {Soc. Hist. Med.}, year = {1993}, month = {Dec}, volume = {6}, number = {3}, pages = {449-451}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1993MQ10600021}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Ghilarov:1994-238:RAR, author = {Ghilarov, A. M.}, title = {Vernadsky,vladimir, darwinism and gaia - critical notes in the margins of biosphere}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1994}, month = {Mar-Apr}, volume = {55}, number = {2}, pages = {238-249}, abstract = {The works of Vladimir Vernadsky (1863-1945) became actually normative in Russian literature and they are often cited only to confirm one or other point of view, sometimes essentially different. Despite Vernadsky's claim that he tries to be independent of philosophy, he as every scientist is not free of some hidden beliefs. Accepting one mode of reasoning, e.g. the line of Goethe and A. Humboldt, he can't admit another, e.g. that emphasizing the meaning of stochasticity. On author's opinion Vernadsky despite all his respect for Darwin and Wallace considered the theory of natural selection simply as general evolutionary theory and didn't appreciate the population thinking which is the core of the concept. Vernadsky underestimates he variety of spatial scales in which real organisms are living. The image of Biosphere given by Vernadsky possesses some features of organism s. str., e.g. wholeness, deterministic development and functional organization. The model of Gaia proposed by James Lovelock fifty years later in some respects resembles the concept of Vernadsky but certainly there are some differences because of new knowledge accumulated in this period. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1994NL51400007}, citetimes = {2} } @Article{Gitelzon:1994-893:RAR, author = {Gitelzon, I. I. and Lisovskii, G. M.}, title = {Experimental modeling of the biosphere and the noosphere}, journal = {Vestn. Rossiiskoi Akad. Nauk}, year = {1994}, month = {Oct}, volume = {64}, number = {10}, pages = {893-898}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1994PR82400005}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Jacob:1994-477:RAR, author = {Jacob, M.}, title = {Sustainable development and deep ecology: an analysis of competing traditions}, journal = {Environmental Management}, year = {1994}, keywords = {sustainability, deep ecology, biocentrism, environmental, anthropocentric, biosphere}, volume = {18}, number = {4}, pages = {477-488}, month = "July", abstract = { It has been argued that existing perspectives on the environmental crisis can be divided into two broad categories (deep and shallow). Deep ecologists have used this typology to argue that mainstream perspectives on the environment are shallow and overly preoccupied with pollution control and resource degradation. This paper argues that the deep/shallow typology is biased and misleading because it: (1) obscures the fact that shallow ecology is comprised of several internally differentiated and disparate perspectives and (2) it favors the deep ecology perspective by creating the impression that the human-centered nature of the shallow perspective is incompatible with the fundamental changes required to address the environmental crisis. In order to test these claims, we compared deep and shallow perspectives on the environmental crisis using the North American expression of deep ecology and the Brundtland version of sustainable development and steady-state economy as exemplars. From this we were able to make the following conclusions: (1) deep and shallow ecology perspectives are best visualized as part of a continuum of perspectives on the environment that emerged from a long-standing critique of Western development, (2) that the descriptions of the etiology of the environmental crisis offered by sustainable development and deep ecology are incomplete, and (3) although both traditions are presently regarded to be in direct opposition, they have much to learn from each other.}, OPTnote = {}, OPTannote = {} } @Article{Mandelker:1994-385:RAR, author = {Mandelker, A.}, title = {Semiotizing the sphere, organicist theory in lotman, bakhtin, and vernadsky}, journal = {PMLA-Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Am.}, year = {1994}, month = {May}, volume = {109}, number = {3}, pages = {385-396}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1994NL19500005}, citetimes = {8} } @Article{Mirzoyan:1994-13:RAR, author = {Mirzoyan, E. N.}, title = {Vernadsky,v.i. Theory of the living matter}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1994}, month = {Jan-Feb}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {13-29}, abstract = {V. I. Vernadsky's theory of the living matter has been developed as an integration of ecology, evolutionary theory, geochemistry, physics, and the concept of biosphere. It incorporates both Baerian and Darwinian courses of developments of theoretical biology. The theory in question illuminates the problems of the life origin and essence, of organization, functioning and evolutionary developments of the living matter. It is not identical either to geochemistry or concept of biosphere, but constitutes their background. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1994ND70300002}, citetimes = {2} } @Article{Ruban:1994-853:RAR, author = {Ruban, J. D.}, title = {Forms and methods of conservation of cattle breeds in the ukraine}, journal = {Zivocisna Vyroba}, year = {1994}, month = {}, volume = {39}, number = {10}, pages = {853-864}, abstract = {Forms and methods of conservation of cattle breeds in the Ukraine are considered in the paper. The dynamics of cattle breeds from 1935 to 1990 has been analyzed. It was found out that some breeds such as Grey Ukrainian, White Headed Ukrainian, Pinzgau, Red Polled and Brown Carpathian were on the verge of disappearing. Urgent measures are required to conserve them. The number of cattle of Simmental breed was greatly reduced. The group of beef breeds is unstable and small. The analysis of methods of cattle breeding for 100 years has been performed. It was stated that it was necessary to raise the importance of pedigree breeding, to change selection index principle for cows produced by crossing of related breeds of cattle. Methods and forms to conserve valuable genotypes of breeds have been worked out. They will help to conserve the genetic stock of cattle. It has been suggested to develop a new type of beef Simmental cattle as well as to use a mixed type. In order to conserve the genetic stock of cattle breeds the teaching of V. I. Vernadsky on symmetry was used. It allowed to determine the interrelation genotype - environment''. A new method for the complex characteristics animals having data below or above the average on the main constitutional indictors has been suggested. The significance of breed inspection (investigation) for modern selection has been defined. }, keywords = {conservation of breeds; are distribution; symmetry of traits; method of pure breed; crossing; herd inspection (investigation)}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1994PN39300001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Sidyakin:1994-742:RAR, author = {Sidyakin, V. G.}, title = {Animal behavior on the background of long-period heliogeophysical fluctuations}, journal = {Biofizika}, year = {1994}, month = {Jul-Aug}, volume = {39}, number = {4}, pages = {742-745}, abstract = {Many Earth biological processes are immediately linked with the Cosmos, its matter and energy. Cosmic rays, which as noted by V.I.Vernadsky, come from all heavenly bodies, penetrate the whole Earth and everything on it. It is solar rays that dictate the main features of the planetary organisation of the biosphere, provide the free chemical energy, and determine the development of the organic world, cycles, rhythms and the great variety of this development. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1994PL74600028}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Yanshina:1994-1016:RAR, author = {Yanshina, F. T.}, title = {On the appearance and the original interpretation of the term noosphere}, journal = {Vestn. Rossiiskoi Akad. Nauk}, year = {1994}, month = {Nov}, volume = {64}, number = {11}, pages = {1016-1022}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1994PX75300009}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Chernov:1995-391:RAR, author = {Chernov, Y. I.}, title = {The vi vernadskys heritage and new thinking (regarding the gilarov,a.m. Article)}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1995}, month = {May-Jun}, volume = {56}, number = {3}, pages = {391-396}, abstract = {Most of A. M. Ghilarov's comments regarding V. I. Vernadsky's views on evolution and general biology, as well as remarks on the role of Vernadsky in the development of ecology are recognized to be incorrect. The principal comments of A. M. Ghilarov are made from a pure organismic standpoint, whereas the concepts of Vernadsky are derived from the notion of the integrity and multi-levelness of life organisation, which to a considarable degree anticipated further development of biology.}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995RL94600008}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Galleni:1995-25:RAR, author = {Galleni, L.}, title = {How does the teilhardian vision of evolution compare with contemporary theories}, journal = {Zygon}, year = {1995}, month = {Mar}, volume = {30}, number = {1}, pages = {25-45}, abstract = {Teilhard de Chardin's ideas about the mechanisms of biological evolution are revised and their connections with contemporary theories are reported. Teilhard de Chardin's main contribution is the proposal of a new scientific discipline, geobiology-the science of the biosphere evolving as a whole. The main fields of interest of geobiology are reported, and its relationships with contemporary hypotheses, such as Lovelock's Gaia, are discussed. The consequences of this kind of approach are the parallel evolution described as orthogenesis and the presence of canalization phenomena. These Teilhardian hypotheses are discussed in relation to those of the process structuralists and to the novelties of the molecular evolution of the genome. Conclusions are that the mechanisms discussed by Teilhard are presently taken into consideration by contemporary evolutionists in order to construct a new theory of biological evolution. }, keywords = {biosphere; complexity; evolution; evolutionary landscape; gaia hypothesis; geobiology; noosphere; orthogenesis; teilhard-de- chardin;pierre}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995RA10200004}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Ghilarov:1995-193:RAR, author = {Ghilarov, A. M.}, title = {Vernadsky's Biosphere concept --- an historical perspective}, journal = {Quarterly Review of Biology}, year = {1995}, OPTkey = {}, OPTvolume = {70}, OPTnumber = {2}, OPTpages = {193-203}, OPTmonth = "June", OPTnote = {}, OPTannote = {} } @Article{Ignatov:1995-5123:RAR, author = {Ignatov, A. M. and Stowe, L. L. and Sakerin, S. M. and Korotaev, G. K.}, title = {Validation of the noaa/nesdis satellite aerosol product over the north-atlantic in 1989}, journal = {J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.}, year = {1995}, month = {Mar 20}, volume = {100}, number = {D3}, pages = {5123-5132}, abstract = {A validation experiment and resulting potential improvements to the operational satellite aerosol optical thickness product at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NOAA/NESDIS) are presented. An earlier paper described a set of Sun photometer measurements collected from the Soviet R/V Akademik Vernadsky during its cruise in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea from September to December 1989. The accuracy of the Sun photometer aerosol optical thickness was proven acceptable for use as a ground truth standard for validation of the NOAA product. This paper describes the validation methodology and the results of its application to the NOAA 11 satellite product. A systematic underestimation in the operational values by about 35\%, relative to the ship truth, is found. Causes for this discrepancy are examined, emphasizing the importance of careful satellite instrument calibration, and a revision of the oceanic reflectance model used in the retrieval algorithm. It is shown that the remaining systematic underestimate in satellite aerosol optical thickness can be attributed only to the aerosol model used in the retrieval. Additional checks of this conclusion using independent data sets are underway. If confirmed, a fundamental revision of the presently used aerosol model would be required. An example of a simple adjustment to the present aerosol model which successfully removes the bias is given, based on the assumption of an absorbing aerosol. }, keywords = {ocean color; calibration; water; scattering; wavelength; channels; cloud; space}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995QN54400009}, citetimes = {24} } @Article{Ignatov:1995-95:RAR, author = {Ignatov, A. and Stowe, L. and Singh, R. and Sakerin, S. and Kabanov, D. and Dergileva, I.}, title = {Validation of noaa/avhrr aerosol retrievals using sunphotometer measurements from r/v akademik-vernadsky in 1991}, journal = {Adv Space Res}, year = {1995}, month = {}, volume = {16}, number = {10}, pages = {95-98}, abstract = {NOAA has produced aerosol optical thickness tau(SAT)(A) retrievals from NOAA-11 over oceans operationally since 1990/1/. The upward radiances L (W . m(-2).$\mu$m(-1). sr(-1)) in AVHRR/Channel 1 (Chi; $\lambda$=0.63 $\mu$m) are converted to tau(SAT)(A) using a look-up-table (LUT), pre-calculated for various combinations of illumination-observation geometries assuming all oceanic and aerosol optical parameters constant but the total aerosol amount /2/. An earlier paper /3/ described the results of tau(SAT)(A) validation using a set of sun-photometer (SP) measurements tau(SP)(A) from the R/V Akademik Vernadsky during its Cruise in the Atlantic ocean and Mediterranean Sea in Sept-Dec 1989 (AV-89) /4/. That analysis revealed errors in tau(SAT)(A). This paper provides an independent check of that conclusion using the SP measurements taken during another Cruise of the RN Akademik Vernadsky in Jul-Sept 1991 (AV-91), using the same validation methodology as described in /3/. The results of the two experiments are in agreement. }, keywords = {cloud}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995BD15W00015}, citetimes = {4} } @Article{Kalyazin:1995-453:RAR, author = {Kalyazin, E. P.}, title = {Technological press on the environment - comparison of the radiation and conventional processing}, journal = {Radiat. Phys. Chem.}, year = {1995}, month = {Oct-Dec}, volume = {46}, number = {4-6}, pages = {453-456}, abstract = {Transformation of row material to the consumption goods proceeds by the succession of various technologies using energy and chemicals. Relative contribution of the both factors is bro'dly varied. The chemical reagents are not per se consumption goods and their production is auxiliary. Maximal usage of chemicals is observed in conventional technologies. On the contrary radiation technology does not need chemicals. Therefore usage of radiation technology leads to diminution of chemical processing and hence to the attenuation of the technological press on the environment. As examples the radiation technological methods in conversion of coal and biomass are considered. }, keywords = {row materials; coal; biomass; radiation technology; convectional technology; environment; technology impact; macroeconomic waves; biosphere; noosphere}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995TD68500011}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Myasoedov:1995-81:RAR, author = {Myasoedov, B. F.}, title = {Vi-vernadsky-institute-of-geochemistry-and-analytical- chemistry of the russian-academy-of-sciences}, journal = {Mendeleev Commun.}, year = {1995}, month = {Mar}, volume = {}, number = {2}, pages = {81-83}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995QP28400021}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Novgorodova:1995-677:RAR, author = {Novgorodova, M. I. and Minina, E. L. and Trubkin, N. V.}, title = {Native aluminium from collection of Vernadsky State Geological Museum}, journal = {Dokl. Akad. Nauk}, year = {1995}, month = {Oct}, volume = {344}, number = {5}, pages = {677-680}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995TG24200027}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Ronov:1995-323:RAR, author = {Ronov, A. B. and Migdisov, A. A. and Hahne, K.}, title = {Quantitative regularities of the arenaceous rock compositional evolution of the russian plate}, journal = {Geokhimiya}, year = {1995}, month = {Mar}, volume = {}, number = {3}, pages = {323-348}, abstract = {The regularities of distribution and average chemical composition variations of the Russian platform arenaceous rocks during last 1.65 b.y. of geological history of sedimentary shell were established. The new data were carried out by joint studies at Vernadsky Institute (Russia, Moscow) and Geoforschung Zentrum (Germany, Potsdam) in the field of mineralogy and chemistry of mentioned rocks. The variations of average chemical composition of those are also considered in terms of facial and climate conditions of sedimentation an distance from the source of material at active areas of erosion. It is shown that the Russian plate and the East European platform as a whole could be considered as not only Neogeic ''tectonotype'' but ''lithotype'' and ''chemotype'' as well in relation to the majority of ancient platforms especially Lawrasian platforms. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995QT67400001}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Volkov:1995-1055:RAR, author = {Volkov, V. P.}, title = {Vernadsky reading}, journal = {Geokhimiya}, year = {1995}, month = {Jul}, volume = {}, number = {7}, pages = {1055-1056}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995RW30600016}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Yanshin:1995-1008:RAR, author = {Yanshin, A. L.}, title = {V.I. Vernadsky as a publicist}, journal = {Vestn. Rossiiskoi Akad. Nauk}, year = {1995}, month = {Nov}, volume = {65}, number = {11}, pages = {1008-1011}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1995TL16800009}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Burba:1996-909:RAR, author = {Burba, G. A.}, title = {36th Vernadsky Lecture}, journal = {Geokhimiya}, year = {1996}, month = {Sep}, volume = {}, number = {9}, pages = {909-910}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1996VU08700011}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Kauffman:1996-519:RAR, author = {Kauffman, G. B.}, title = {Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky (1863-1945), environmental pioneer: On the 70th anniversary of his Biosphere concept}, journal = {S. Afr. J. Sci.}, year = {1996}, month = {Nov-Dec}, volume = {92}, number = {11-12}, pages = {519-523}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1996WG89500007}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Krumbein:1996-1:RAR, author = {Krumbein, W. E.}, title = {Geophysiology and parahistology of the interactions of organisms with the environment}, journal = {Mar. Ecol.-Pubbl. Stn. Zool. Napoli}, year = {1996}, month = {}, volume = {17}, number = {1-3}, pages = {1-21}, abstract = {Ecology and Global Ecology (GE) are terms by which the relations between the organism (or living matter as a whole) and the environment (or Earth as a whole) have been treated for almost a century. Geophysiology and Parahistology (PH) are terms slowly replacing older scientific thoughts jointly with an increasing number of modifications and alterations of the Darwinian Evolution (DE) concept. Somehow Geophysiology and Parahistology seem to describe evolution in a non-Darwinian domain. According to V. I. VERNADSKY (1929, 1930, 1988)-the great Russian naturalist and biogeochemist-the biogeochemical processes on Earth are controlled by the force of living matter rather than by species associations developing in and with individual ecosystems as expressed by darwinian evolutionary terms. He also claimed that GOETHE was incorrectly regarded as a predecessor of DE by some authors (including DARWIN) and that ''Natur'' (nature) and ''Lebendige Natur'' (the totality of creatures) are two very different things for GOETHE. Detailed analyses of microbial mat systems in the German Wadden Sea and in artificial hypersaline WINOGRADSKY columns have shown that the totality of creatures and matter around them i.e., the ''lebendige Natur'' sensu GOETHE or ''living matter'' sensu VERNADSKY Of such environments control to a considerable extent the structure, stability, and (geo-)morphology of sediments and thereby the geological structure of the living Earth. These structures do not follow the rules of sedimentation formulated by the laws of STOKES They represent growth structures (Aufwuchs), whose physics and dynamics are controlled by complex fractal systems. The factors controlling the ultimate shape and stabilisation potential of the eventually resulting rocks and fossils are comparable to tissue development in macroorganisms. Also, certain microbial associations in the sub-recent and in the fossil record may be compared to metazoan tissues. Chemical gradients in the sedimentary column, regulated by the interplay of living matter and sluggish (slowreactive to non-reactive) compounds, combine to create a pattern of porosity and structure of the resulting deposits that clearly indicates microbial influences and especially those of extracellular polymeric substances on the morphology and texture. The combined effects of microbiota or living matter on the sedimentary record are described as parahistology of sediments in analogy of the histology of tissue on a geological scale. This conceptual living tissue made up of microbially generated rocks and ore deposits cycled through metabolic processes and forced into tissue-like structures by microbial biofilms and mats may extend down to the upper mantle of Earth and far up into the stratosphere when Earth is regarded as a living entity over geological periods. We may have to conceive Earth as a living specimen, which is breathing at a frequency of thousands of years instead of the normal physiological breathing rate of man or an insect. Macroorganisms in all terrestrial systems represent the transport and logistic media, which, however, utterly depend on myriads ui intra-, inter-, and extracellular microbial symbiotic partners. Geophysiology - as a new scientific view of life process controlled biogeomorphogenetic and biogeochemical cycles - is presented in the context of a life field theory suggested by KRUMBEIN (1983) and an evolutionary field theory suggested by CRAMER (1989). The latter theories are related to physiological thoughts of FRIEDRICH II. VON HOHENSTAUFEN and to the ''microgeology'' of C. G. EHRENBERG (EHRENBERG, 1854; KANTOROWICZ, 1992; MASSON, 1993). The factors controlling the preservation of organic material and biogenic structures in rocks are discussed on the background of ''climate change'' and ''global change'' theories. Geophysiology and parahistology are introduced as new terms in a time where environment-organism relationships are increasingly studied on a global scale including physiological time scales by far exceeding individual darwinian organismal life times. }, keywords = {geophysiology; parahistology; history; geology; ecology; interactions; microbiology;; solar lake sinai; iron formations; stromatolites; cyanobacteria; earth; model}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1996VL82400002}, citetimes = {4} } @Article{Kulyako:1996-293:RAR, author = {Kulyako, Y. M. and Sentyurin, I. G. and Trofimov, T. I. and Malikov, D. I.}, title = {Use of various oxidation states of actinides for their determination and isolation}, journal = {Radiochemistry}, year = {1996}, month = {Jul-Aug}, volume = {38}, number = {4}, pages = {293-296}, abstract = {A survey is made of methods for determination and isolation of actinides using their various oxidation states, recently developed in the Radiochemistry Laboratory, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. Techniques of precision coulometric determination of uranium, plutonium, and americium are described. Possibilities of spectroelectrochemical method for studying chemical behavior of transplutonium elements (TPEs) in various oxidation states are demonstrated. Solvent extraction and precipitation methods for isolation of americium from other TPEs with preliminary oxidation of americium to tetra-, pentaand hexavalent states are described. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1996VT44800005}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Rabkin:1996-192:RAR, author = {Rabkin, Y. M.}, title = {Science and Russian culture in an age of revolutions: V. I. Vernadsky and his scientific school, 1863-1945 - Bailes,KE}, journal = {Isis}, year = {1996}, month = {Mar}, volume = {87}, number = {1}, pages = {192-194}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1996UH29000073}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Rabotnov:1996-696:RAR, author = {Rabotnov, T. A.}, title = {The concept of Vladimir Vernadsky and phytocoenology}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1996}, month = {Nov-Dec}, volume = {57}, number = {6}, pages = {696-698}, abstract = {Some points of Vernadsky's concept of biosphere are considered as useful for the study of plant communities (phytocoenology). Special attention is drawn to the ''principle of thrift'' proposed originally by Karl von Baer. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1996VY07600003}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Beal:1997-5799:RAR, author = {Beal, R. C. and Kudryavtsev, V. N. and Thompson, D. R. and Grodsky, S. A. and Tilley, D. G. and Dulov, V. A. and Gaber, H. C.}, title = {The influence of the marine atmospheric boundary layer on ERS 1 synthetic aperture radar imagery of the Gulf Stream}, journal = {J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans}, year = {1997}, month = {Mar 15}, volume = {102}, number = {C3}, pages = {5799-5814}, abstract = {In September 1991, the ERS 1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) collected a set of four colocated images over the western Gulf Stream (GS). The SAR images were supplemented by satellite infrared imagery and measurements of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL) from both a pair of surface buoys and a suite of instruments on the Ukrainian research vessel R/V Vernadsky, which between September 15 and 19 made six transects across the GS northern boundary within the SAR swaths. The influence of wind variations within the MABL was evident in each of the four SAR images. Evidence for thermal wind effects is seen in the changing of the imagery as the mean wind across the sea surface temperature boundary changed direction from pass to pass. Both in situ data and analytical models suggest that much of the day-to-day SAR image variability was the result of changes in the character of the MABL, especially evident near the northern GS boundary where the sign of the atmospheric stability fluctuated over short spatial scales. Because many of the governing parameters of the MABL rapidly decorrelate, significant changes in the SAR imagery occurred the 3 days between passes. Nevertheless, at least some manifestation of the GS was evident in the SAR imagery in each of the four passes. }, keywords = {sea; model; air}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1997WN40900019}, citetimes = {12} } @Article{Frank:1997-409:RAR, author = {Frank, D. J.}, title = {Science, nature, and the globalization of the environment, 1870--1990}, journal = {Social Forces}, year = {1997}, OPTkey = {}, volume = {76}, number = {2}, pages = {409-435}, month = {Dec}, abstract = { Data on the themes of international environmental treaties from 1870 to 1990 are used to demonstrate an historical shift in the definition of "nature" from resource to life-sustaining global ecosystem. This newer scientific model increased nature's relevance to world society, and thus catalyzed an exponential rise in international discourse and activity concerning the environment. The effect is evident in event-history analyses of the rate at which international environmental treaties were formed during the period 1870-1990. Two organizational changes also played a role in the proliferation of international environmental treaties: the overall structuration of the world polity had a positive effect, and the consolidation of an official intergovernmental environmental domain had a negative effect, even with the effects of population growth and industrial degradation held constant.}, OPTnote = {}, OPTannote = {} } @Article{Galimov:1997-777:RAR, author = {Galimov, E. M.}, title = {Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry (GEOCHE) - 50 years}, journal = {Vestn. Rossiiskoi Akad. Nauk}, year = {1997}, month = {Sep}, volume = {67}, number = {9}, pages = {777-782}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1997YB48700002}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Kirsh:1997-238:RAR, author = {Kirsh, I.}, title = {Journalistic essays, vol 4 - Russian - Vernadsky,VI}, journal = {Nov. Mir}, year = {1997}, month = {Feb}, volume = {}, number = {2}, pages = {238-240}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1997WH55900026}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Myasoedov:1997-413:RAR, author = {Myasoedov, B. F. and Volynets, M. P.}, title = {Analytical chemistry at the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry (for the 50th anniversary of the Institute)}, journal = {J. Anal. Chem.}, year = {1997}, month = {May}, volume = {52}, number = {5}, pages = {413-428}, abstract = {The principal stages of development of analytical chemistry at the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry in a 50-year period of the institute's activity are described. The significance of analytical chemistry for the scientific achievements of the institute is discussed.}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1997XC11200003}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Patten:1997-221:RAR, author = {Patten, B. C. and Straskraba, M. and Jorgensen, S. E.}, title = {Ecosystems emerging .1. Conservation}, journal = {Ecol. Model.}, year = {1997}, month = {Mar 1}, volume = {96}, number = {1-3}, pages = {221-284}, abstract = {This second paper in the series on Ecosystems Emerging treats some properties of ecosystems derivable from the single elementary principle of conservation. These go beyond the mere balancing out of the matter and forces of nature. A brief sketch of a conservationless world is given, followed by an elementary background review of energy, matter and information. The main conservative quantities are matter, energy, momentum and electric charge. The difference between sun and earth surface temperatures is the source of useful energy (exergy) and information to motivate matter. The earth acts as a photon multiplier in this process, and generates entropy radiated to the universe at large. Neither exergy, information, nor photons are conservative quantities. Four phases of matter are recognized: solid, liquid, gaseous and living. These contribute to five realms of the earth's ecosphere: lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrophere, biosphere and noosphere, An additional category, the semiosphere, represents informational aspects of the materialistic ecosphere. Information is related to Aristotle's four causes: formal, material, efficient and final. Information has a material basis; its physical carriers are conservative markers, or avatars. Information is always produced by bonding of masses to form higher-level systems; the energy to achieve bonding is released in degraded form (heat) and carried away by low-energy photons in entropy production, All systems owe their cohesion to bonding (interaction). System bonding may be by conservative substance exchange (transactions) or nonconservative information exchange (relations). In both cases, identity constraints of coupling mediate the bonds. A universal metamodel for system change is described under state-space determinism, Exogenous conditions (inputs), and endogenous conditions (states) are lawfully mapped into behavioral dynamics (outputs). There are two fundamentally different kinds of state-space systems: objects (nonliving, which respond reactively to physical inputs); and subjects (living, which can respond preactively based on phenomenal inputs, which are models of physical inputs). The ability to make models is conjectured as a new definition of life. In living processes, elements of the materialistic ecosphere and informational semiosphere are combined to produce the phenomenal noosphere. All three categories are mutually implicative. Arguments are made to consider space as locally conserved and time as conserved. The nature of transactional (materialistic) and relational (informational) bonding in the origin of systems, under state-space determinism, is described. The conservation principle underlies this because transactions are always the prior basis of relations. Environments arise under the same considerations as origin of systems; conservation is at the root. Input environment, output environment and indirect environment are described as elements of a general concept of environment. Indirect environments are bounded by the speed of light, and (closer in) by the boundaries of defined systems. The within-system portions of component-level environments are environs. Energy balance and photon multiplication in the ecosphere are described as a series of electromagnetic cascades. Charge-discharge cycles of energy and matter are mechanisms for progressively degrading solar photons to heat in coupled solar --\textgreater trophic --\textgreater biochemical interactions at different scales of hierarchical organization. The conservation principle underlies all these processes. A review of the broad phenomena, concepts and principles of ecology reveals that many of these have strong dependence on conservation of mass, energy, momentum and electric charge, as well as local space and time. Just as conservation laws are basic in the organization of reality, they are also rightly reflected in much of the subject matter of ecology. }, keywords = {conservation; cosmology; ecosphere; energy; information; matter; state space;; environs; ecology}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1997WY08900016}, citetimes = {4} } @Article{unknown:1997-355:RAR, author = {unknown}, title = {On the 50th anniversary of the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences}, journal = {Geokhimiya}, year = {1997}, month = {Apr}, volume = {}, number = {4}, pages = {355-368}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:A1997XF41200001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Fleissner:1998-201:RAR, author = {Fleissner, P. and Hofkirchner, W.}, title = {The making of the information society: driving forces, 'Leitbilder' and the imperative for survival}, journal = {Biosystems}, year = {1998}, month = {Apr}, volume = {46}, number = {1-2}, pages = {201-207}, abstract = {In the field of science-technology-society, there are three one-sided approaches to analyzing the spread of the Internet: technology-push, economy-pull, and community-pull. Information science, when dealing with the transformation of our societies, will have to cover all of them and even try to find out missing links. We propose adding the analysis of metaphors accompanying the introduction and diffusion of new technologies, and evaluating metaphors and technologies using the criterion of how well they are shaped to meet global challenges. We conclude that contrary to ideological promises the capability of society to generate survival-relevant information will not be improved by establishing the so-called data highway per se, unless additional requirements are met which refer to higher information levels of knowledge and wisdom. }, keywords = {information infrastructure; global brain; noosphere; wisdom; justice}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000073925200026}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Frolova:1998-169:RAR, author = {Frolova, A.}, title = {Ecological reasoning: Ethical alternatives}, journal = {Ecol. Econ.}, year = {1998}, month = {Feb-Mar}, volume = {24}, number = {2-3}, pages = {169-182}, abstract = {This paper presents some ideas of Russian philosophers and scientists of the 19th-20th centuries, concerned with ethical, economic and ecological problems. Their common feature is the anti-utilitarian, altruistic and often even utopian approach to reality. Nevertheless, they relate to the ongoing discussion of the causes of and remedies for the global environmental crisis. Their arguments often directly address the most vital issues of present-day economic mechanisms and environmental policies. In his 'Anti-Benthamian Anti-Utopia' Vladimir Odoevsky presented a model of progress in a society obsessed by utilitarian principles and expressed deep mistrust in economic mechanisms based on self-interest and competition. The conception of 'Religious Ecology' of Nikolai Fedorov postulated that rationality should transgress the boundaries of the social world, thus rendering Nature less hostile towards mankind, and establish harmonious interaction of humanity with non-human creatures, Cosmos and God. The hypothesis of a famous Russian scientist Vladimir Vernadsky suggested the possibility of evolutionary transformation of human-beings into autotrophic organisms capable of synthesizing nutritional substances from non-organic chemical elements, which would imply immense social consequences. The conception of Daniil Andreev combined transphysical and metahistorical perspectives and stressed the capacity of spirituality to change the physical structure of space and time and, thus, to influence the human future. The confrontation of realistic-utilitarian and utopian-non- utilitarian modes of reasoning about ecological issues is questioned and a re-examination of this problem is called for. }, keywords = {utilitarianism; regulation; autotrophy; economical mechanisms; ethical reasoning}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000072501500005}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Judge:1998-181:RAR, author = {Judge, A. J. N.}, title = {From information highways to songlines of the noosphere - Global configuration of hypertext pathways as a prerequisite for meaningful collective transformation}, journal = {Futures}, year = {1998}, month = {Mar-Apr}, volume = {30}, number = {2-3}, pages = {181-187}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000074368500013}, citetimes = {2} } @Article{Khailov:1998-137:RAR, author = {Khailov, K. M.}, title = {"Life" and "Life on the Earth": Two scientific paradigms}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biol.}, year = {1998}, month = {Mar-Apr}, volume = {59}, number = {2}, pages = {137-151}, abstract = {The deep biosphere crisis and weak efficiency of scientific recommendation for its control induce to extend the discussion (Ghilarov, 1994; Chernov, 1995) on the scientific heritage of V.I. Vernadsky and relations between biology and biogeochemistry. To avoid discussion on minor details the general approach should be focused on the different factological bases, basic conceptions, their matter and logic as well as on the different practical uses. Multidimensional comparison shows that there is no competition between biology and biogeochemistry, classical biology and biosphere conception of nature organisation and evolution. They both reflect reality but from different points of view and supplement each other. In the face df biosphere crisis their union but not contradiction is necessary. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000073306300002}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Manoilenko:1998-462:RAR, author = {Manoilenko, K. V.}, title = {Scientific contacts between V.I. Vernadsky and I.I. Kanaev}, journal = {J. Evol. Biochem. Physiol.}, year = {1998}, month = {Sep-Oct}, volume = {34}, number = {5}, pages = {462-466}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000079436500015}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Meschanov:1998-1:RAR, author = {Meschanov, S. L. and Shapiro, G. I.}, title = {A young lens of Red Sea Water in the Arabian Sea}, journal = {Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.}, year = {1998}, month = {Jan}, volume = {45}, number = {1}, pages = {1-13}, abstract = {CTD data collected in March-April 1980 in the Arabian Sea during the 22nd cruise of R.V. Akademik Vernadsky were used to investigate the structure and dynamics of a young lens of Red Sea Water (Reddy) in the initial stage of its formation. The core of the young lens with maximum temperature of 11.07 degrees C and maximum salinity of 35.56 was located at depths of 640-830 m, and had temperature and salinity anomalies of 0.75 degrees C and 0.22 with respect to the background water. The lens core, of thickness of 190 m, was connected to the main Red Sea Water tongue by a thin layer with vertical extent sf about 20 m. In contrast to Meddles frequently observed in the North Atlantic, the density anomaly of the Reddy did not exceed 0.04 kg m(-3). A trajectory of the lens movement was reconstructed. The dynamic impact of a deep-reaching cyclonic meander on the large-scale tongue of Red Sea Water resulted in the Reddy formation near 16 degrees N, 61 degrees E and its subsequent movement to the south over a distance of about 370 km.}, keywords = {indian-ocean; trajectories; meddy}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000074700800003}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Myasoedov:1998-216:RAR, author = {Myasoedov, B. F. and Drozhko, E. G.}, title = {Up-to-date radioecological situation around the 'Mayak' nuclear facility}, journal = {J. Alloy. Compd.}, year = {1998}, month = {Jun 12}, volume = {271}, number = {}, pages = {216-220}, abstract = {An overview is given of the modern radioecological situation around the reprocessing plant 'Mayak', which was constructed more than 40 years ago for the production of plutonium for military purposes. The following topics are considered: lake Karachay; artificial water reservoirs contaminated by radionuclides; solid radioactive wastes and their vitrification. Some new approaches, methods and tools developed at the Vernadsky Institute of RES for determination of different radionuclides in various environmental samples from the impact zone of the facility are discussed. The data on distribution, occurrence forms and migration processes of Sr90,Cs-137, Np-237, Pu-239 and Am-241 in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are presented.}, keywords = {radionuclides; content and speciation in environment; radiological situation around the plutonium production plant in russia}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000074686200046}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Myasoedov:1998-33:RAR, author = {Myasoedov, B. F. and Novikov, A. P.}, title = {Main sources of radioactive contamination in Russia and methods for their determination and speciation}, journal = {J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.}, year = {1998}, month = {Mar}, volume = {229}, number = {1-2}, pages = {33-38}, abstract = {This paper describes the main sources of radioactive contamination of Russia and some techniques elaborated in the V. I. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry for the determination and speciation of radionuclides in the environment. Data on radioecological monitoring of the zone affecting by Production Association "Mayak" are presented as example of the use of these techniques. Some problems of the calculation of radionuclide migration coefficients and the determination of their so called geochemical forms of occurrence are discussed. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000072887300006}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{O'Shea:1998-1385:OEN, author = {O'Shea, D. C.}, title = {Surfing the Noosphere}, journal = {Opt. Eng.}, year = {1998}, month = {May}, volume = {37}, number = {5}, pages = {1385-1386}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000073700300001}, citetimes = {0}, file = {OEN_1998_37_01385.pdf} } @Article{Shatsillo:1998-202:RAR, author = {Shatsillo, K. F.}, title = {V.I. Vernadsky's diaries. March 1921 to August 1925}, journal = {Otechestvennaya Istoriya}, year = {1998}, month = {Nov-Dec}, volume = {}, number = {6}, pages = {202-204}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000077985300038}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Svirezhev:1998-53:RAR, author = {Svirezhev, Y. M.}, title = {Globalistics: a new synthesis Philosophy of global modelling}, journal = {Ecol. Model.}, year = {1998}, month = {May 1}, volume = {108}, number = {1-3}, pages = {53-65}, abstract = {The concept of a new synthetic science, 'globalistics', is suggested. I try to show that in spite of new formulations this science is deeply traditional and presents itself as the development of a concept of the Russian classic school (Vernadsky, Sukhachev, Timofeef-Resovsky). After the formalisation of the Vernadsky concept of the biosphere, the main principle, the co-evolution of man and the biosphere, is suggested for consideration. The typical presentatives of different global models are divided into two classes: the 'world' models and the 'biosphere' models. The problem is how to join them in the framework of some unitary model. I suggest a scientific programme containing ten problems. We can hope when we shall be solving them 'step-by-step', the basement of 'globalistics' will be created }, keywords = {global modelling; biosphere; general principles}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000074057600005}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Svirezhev:1998-47:RAR, author = {Svirezhev, Y. M. and Svirejeva-Hopkins, A.}, title = {Sustainable biosphere: critical overview of basic concept of sustainability}, journal = {Ecol. Model.}, year = {1998}, month = {Feb 16}, volume = {106}, number = {1}, pages = {47-61}, abstract = {If we observe the evolution of different globalistic concepts from T. Malthus up to recent concepts such as the models of the Club of Rome and the sustainability suggested by the Brundtland commission, we can see that all the concepts are principally anthropocentric. For instance, the models of the Club of Rome, though differing by the levels of spatial and functional complexity, are first of all macro-economic models, including the biosphere processes as disturbances of global processes. On the other hand, we can consider the human society as a natural component of the biosphere. We can consider also the Biosphere (in accordance to Vernadsky V.I. (1926) (The Biosphere. Leningrad, Nauchtekhizdat (in Russian)) as an entity and study its reactions to human impact. Thus, we suggest the concept of coevolution of mankind and the biosphere as a further development and an alternative to sustainability. We try to show in this work how terms such as 'limits to growth', 'sustainable development' can be understood. We try to analyse a few technocratic illusions and reveal some physical contradictions contained in the basis of some globalistic concepts.}, keywords = {global modelling; biosphere; sustainability; thermodynamics approach}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000072818500004}, citetimes = {1} } @Article{Allen:1999-15:RAR, author = {Allen, J. and Nelson, M.}, title = {Biospherics and Biosphere 2, mission one (1991-1993)}, journal = {Ecological Engineering}, year = {1999}, month = {Jun}, volume = {13}, number = {1-4}, pages = {15-29}, abstract = {This paper outlines concepts, construction and operation of Biosphere 2, the large glass closed life facility in the mountains of southern Arizona, USA. Plans used concepts of systems ecology and biospherics from the early writings of V.I. Vernadsky, work of the Russian space program on closed ecological life support systems and other leading proponents of a total systems approach to ecology. Mission one was the first experimental closure of Biosphere 2 with eight crew members for 2 years, 1991-1993. }, keywords = {biosphere 2; biospherics; systems ecology; space program; closed ecological systems; life support;; system}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000081482100003}, citetimes = {5} } @Article{Grodsky:1999-356:RAR, author = {Grodsky, S. A. and Kudryavtsev, V. N. and Ivanov, A. Y.}, title = {Observations on the Gulf Stream frontal zone using Almaz-1 SAR and measurements taken on board the R/V Akademik Vernadsky}, journal = {Okeanologiya}, year = {1999}, month = {May-Jun}, volume = {39}, number = {3}, pages = {356-369}, abstract = {Analyzed is the data of quasisynchronous observations of the Gulf Stream frontal zone with Almaz-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and concurrent measurements taken on board the R/V Akademik Vernadsky. Sea surface temperature fields from NOAA satellites are additionally used, Imaging from space was accompanies by measurement of the hydrologic and meteorological parameters, and registration of surface currents along the ship tracks crossing frontal zone. Comparison of satellite and in situ wave measurements has shown that Almaz-1 SAR allowed to measure the basic parameters of long waves(wavelength and orientation) rather precisely. On a basis of SAR image spectra the effects of waves refraction are investigated. The surveys were carried out at moderate westerly winds when the waves evolved in along current direction. At these conditions the effects of wave reflection produced the zones of wave concentration and wave "shadow". Linear-like structures registered by a radar were located in vicinity of large cross current shifts and areas of sargassum accumulations (convergence). The strips were oriented along the Gulf Stream thermal front and reflected the structure of current.}, keywords = {synthetic-aperture radar; wave directional spectra; ocean fronts; surface; refraction; agulhas; eddies; images; swell}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000081896000005}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Huggett:1999-425:RAR, author = {Huggett, R. J.}, title = {Ecosphere, biosphere, or Gaia? What to call the global ecosystem}, journal = {Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.}, year = {1999}, month = {Nov}, volume = {8}, number = {6}, pages = {425-431}, abstract = {The terms biosphere. ecosphere, and Gaia are used as names for the global ecosystem. However, each has more than one meaning. Biosphere can mean the totality of living things residing on the Earth, the space occupied by living things, or life and life-support systems (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and pedosphere). Ecosphere is used as a synonym of biosphere and as a term for zones in the universe where life as we know it should be sustainable. Gaia is similar to biosphere (in the sense of life and life-support systems) and ecosphere (in the sense of biosphere as life and life-support systems), but, in its most extreme form, refers to the entire planet as a living entity. A case is made for avoiding the term Gaia (at least as a name for the planetary ecosystem), restricting biosphere to the totality of living things, and adopting the ecosphere as the most apt name for the global ecosystem. }, keywords = {biosphere; ecosphere; extraterrestrial ecospheres; gaia; global ecosystem; global organism; teilhard de chardin; vernadsky}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000085461200001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Molchanova:1999-82:RAR, author = {Molchanova, I. V. and Pozolotina, V. N.}, title = {Radioecological studies in Russia}, journal = {Russ. J. Ecol.}, year = {1999}, month = {Mar-Apr}, volume = {30}, number = {2}, pages = {82-86}, abstract = {Main events in the formation and development of the Russian radioecological school are reviewed, from the first basic doctrines proposed by V.I. Vernadsky and V.N. Sukachev, through the experimental radiation biogeocenology developed by N.V. Timofeeff-Ressovsky, V.M. Kiechkovskii, and their followers, to recent studies in the zones of nuclear accidents, including the Chernobyl accident, which has global significance. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000079446000004}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Naganobu:1999-20651:RAR, author = {Naganobu, M. and Kutsuwada, K. and Sasai, Y. and Taguchi, S. and Siegel, V.}, title = {Relationships between Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) variability and westerly fluctuations and ozone depletion in the Antarctic Peninsula area}, journal = {J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans}, year = {1999}, month = {Sep 15}, volume = {104}, number = {C9}, pages = {20651-20665}, abstract = {An assessment of the environmental processes influencing variability in the recruitment and density of Antarctic krill (Euphasia superba) is important, as variability in krill stocks affects the Antarctic marine ecosystem as a whole. We have assessed variability in krill recruitment and density with hypothesized environmental, factors, including strength of westerly winds (westerlies) determined from sea level pressure differences across the Drake Passage, sea ice cover, and ozone depletion. We found a significant positive correlation between krill recruitment in the Antarctic Peninsula area and the strength of westerlies during 1982-1998. Years with strong westerlies during the austral summer season resulted in high krill recruitment in 1987/1988, 1990/1991, and 1994/1995, while the years of weak westerlies resulted in low krill recruitment in 1982/1983, 1988/1989, 1992/1993, and 1996/1997. The strength of westerlies was significantly related to recruitment of 1year-old krill (r = 0.57) and 2-year-old krill (r = 0.69) with a level of significance of 5\%. In addition, the strength of westerlies also had a strong correlation with chlorophyll a (r = 0.63) and sea ice cover with a 1-year time lag (r = 0.67). The strength of westerlies is considered to be a key environmental factor. We also found significant correlations between krill density in the Antarctic Peninsula area and the Antarctic ozone depletion parameters during 1977-1997 (e.g., total ozone in October at Faraday/Vernadsky Station of I = 0.76 with a level of significance of 1\%). We suspect that ozone depletion impacts directly and/or indirectly on the variability in krill density. }, keywords = {sea-ice extent; southern-ocean; scotia sea; phytoplankton; recruitment; distributions; hydrography; georgia; islands; density}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000083473200011}, citetimes = {2} } @Article{Gritsai:2000-459:RAR, author = {Gritsai, Z. I. and Evtushevsky, A. M. and Leonov, N. A. and Milinevsky, G. P.}, title = {Comparison of groud-based and TOMS-EP total ozone data for Antarctica and northern midlatitude stations (1996-1999)}, journal = {Phys. Chem. Earth Pt B-Hydrol. Oceans Atmos.}, year = {2000}, month = {}, volume = {25}, number = {5-6}, pages = {459-461}, abstract = {A comparison of the total ozone data by the TOMS-EP satellite and ground-based Dobson spectrophotometer (Ukrainian Antarctic Station 'Akademik Vernadsky', 65.25S, 64.27W), and M124 UV filter radiometer (Kyiv University Observatory 'Lisniky', 50.30N, 30.53E) measurements was made. Comparison of the TOMSEP and Dobson daily total ozone values for Antarctic Peninsula gives a decrease of the mean relative difference from 3.1\% in 1996/1997 to 1.4\% in 1998/1999. Comparison of the TOMS-EP and M124 data gives a changing relative difference of near zero (from -0.4\% to 0.11\% in 1997-1999). Days with cloudless sky and with totally overcast sky were selected from the data sets. The mean relative difference of TOMS - Dobson data changed during 1996-1999 for cloudless days from 6\% to 11\% and for cloud cover from -0.5\% to -1.3\% Northern midlatitude observations give a relative difference of TOMS - M124 data for cloudless sky of 0.15\% and for totally overcast sky of -3.5. This comparison shows that differences in cloud cover influence the total ozone values obtained from ground-based and satellite measurements in the regions considered. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000088871300011}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Levit:2000-133:RAR, author = {Levit, G. S. and Krumbein, W. E.}, title = {The biosphere-theory of V.I. Vernadsky and the Gaia-theory of James Lovelock: a comparative analysis of the two theories and traditions}, journal = {Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii}, year = {2000}, month = {Mar-Apr}, volume = {61}, number = {2}, pages = {133-144}, abstract = {James Hutton (1726-1797) regarded Earth as a super-organism and physiology the science to study it. A strong line of evidence for an intimate relationship of biological and abiotic processes on Earth leads from Hutton to the Gaia theory of J. Lovelock. A less known in the West but important approach to the biosphere as a self-regulating system (the biosphere theory) was proposed V.I. Vernadsky (1863-1945). The main concern of this paper revolves around the question: What is the difference between Gaia and the biosphere? To approach the problem of Earth as a super-organism one can use also the biosphere theory of V.N. Beklemishev (1890-1962), who examined the biosphere from a morphological viewpoint. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000086639500001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Levit:2000-377:RAR, author = {Levit, G. S. and Krumbein, W. E. and Grubel, R.}, title = {Space and time in the works of V.I. Vernadsky}, journal = {Environ. Ethics}, year = {2000}, month = {Win}, volume = {22}, number = {4}, pages = {377-396}, abstract = {The main objective of this paper is to introduce the space-time concept of V. I. Vernadsky and to show the importance of this concept for understanding the biosphere theory of Vernadsky. A central issue is the principle of dissymmetry, which was proposed by Louis Pasteur and further developed by Pierre Curie and Vernadsky. The dissymmetry principle, applied both to the spatial and temporal properties of living matter, makes it possible to demonstrate the unified nature of space and time. At the same time, this principle shows the difference between the spatial-temporal properties of living matter and those of the inert environment. Living matter as opposed to the inert environment is an important part of the Weltanschnuung of Vernadsky and is connected with all basic statements of his theoretical system. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000165204500003}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Samsonov:2000-53:RAR, author = {Samsonov, A. L.}, title = {Towards a noosphere}, journal = {Vopr. Filos.}, year = {2000}, month = {}, volume = {}, number = {7}, pages = {53-61}, abstract = {}, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000165080900005}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Galleni:2001-33:RAR, author = {Galleni, L.}, title = {Is biosphere doing theology?}, journal = {Zygon}, year = {2001}, month = {Mar}, volume = {36}, number = {1}, pages = {33-48}, abstract = {Three theories about evolution are presently under discussion: the genocentric theor): the organismocentric theory, and the biospherocentric theory. A brief discussion of the three theories is presented. These theories have different implications fur theology The genocentric theory is related to the Darwinian interpretation and, Tor theology means the end of an apologetic vision of natural science and for tr;is reason the end of natural theology. The organismocentric theor) is mainly related to events of autoorganization and follows the path of the geometrical harmony of nature. But it is far different from the apologetic interpretation of natural theology which cannot be restored. The biospherocentric theory, on the contrary, contains many fruitful perspectives. This theory, which counts Teil-hard de Chardin among its founders, allows the development of a new approach to the theology of nature. In this approach, it is actually the biosphere herself that is doing theology thanks to her thinking sphere: the noosphere. }, keywords = {evolutionary biology; galileo; natural theology; pierre teilhard de chardin; theology of nature;; autopoietic processes; creation; idea}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000167265400003}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Gatinsky:2001-89:RAR, author = {Gatinsky, Y. G. and Vishnevskaya, N. A.}, title = {Main stages of mining development in Russia (on the 300th anniversary of the Russian Geological and Mining Survey)}, journal = {Geol. Ore Depos.}, year = {2001}, month = {Mar-Apr}, volume = {43}, number = {2}, pages = {89-100}, abstract = {The mineral resources of Russia grew with the territorial expansion of the country; new frontiers gave Russia access to new mineral sources, which enhanced the independence of the Russian economy. The exposition devoted to the 300th anniversary of the Russian Geological and Mining Survey took place at the Vernadsky State Geological Museum in September 2000. Materials displayed there allowed one to trace the development of Russian mining from the first pioneer expeditions to the modern mining industry, which has made Russia one of world leaders in resources and mining of strategic materials. }, keywords = {}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000168416300001}, citetimes = {0} } @Article{Zhadin:2001-27:RAR, author = {Zhadin, M. N.}, title = {Review of Russian literature on biological action of DC and low-frequency AC magnetic fields}, journal = {Bioelectromagnetics}, year = {2001}, month = {Jan}, volume = {22}, number = {1}, pages = {27-45}, abstract = {This review considers the Russian scientific literature on the influence of weak static and of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields on biological systems. The review covers the most interesting works and the main lines of investigation during the period 1900 to the present. Shown here are the historical roots, beginning with the ideas of V. Vernadsky and A. Chizhevsky, which led in the field of Russian biology to an increasing interest in magnetic fields, based on an intimate connection between solar activity and life on the Earth, and which determined the peculiar development of Russian magnetobiology. The variety of studies on the effects of magnetic storms and extremely low-frequency, periodic variations of the geomagnetic field on human beings and animals as well as on social phenomena are described. The diverse experiments involving artificial laboratory magnetic fields acting on different biological entities under different conditions are also considered. A series of theoretical advances are reviewed that have paved the way for a step-bystep understanding of the mechanisms of magnetic field effects on biological systems. The predominantly unfavorable influence of magnetic fields on living beings is shown, but the cases of favorable influence of magnetic fields on human beings and lower animals are demonstrated as well. The majority of Russian investigations in this area of science has been unknown among the non-Russian speaking audience for many reasons, primarily because of a language barrier. Therefore, it is hoped that this review may be of interest to the international scientific community. Bioelectromagnetics 22:27-45, 2001. }, keywords = {geomagnetic field; magnetic storms; artificial fields; industrial frequency; behavior; cell process; molecular process; theory;; parametric resonance model; planarians dugesia-tigrina; infralow-frequency; geomagnetic disturbances; social processes; ion motion; rats; dynamics; system; brain}, annote = {}, database = {ISI:000166328100004}, citetimes = {0} }